Isethi yejenereyitha ngokuvamile iqukethe injini, ijenereyitha, uhlelo lokulawula oluphelele, uhlelo lwesekethe kawoyela, kanye nohlelo lokusabalalisa amandla. Ingxenye yamandla yesethi yejenereyitha ohlelweni lokuxhumana - injini yedizili noma i-gas turbine - ngokuyisisekelo iyafana kumayunithi anomfutho ophezulu kanye nomfutho ophansi; Ukucushwa kanye nomthamo kaphethiloli wohlelo lukawoyela kuhlobene kakhulu namandla, ngakho-ke akukho mehluko obalulekile phakathi kwamayunithi anomfutho ophezulu kanye nophansi, ngakho-ke akukho mehluko ezidingweni zezinhlelo zokungenisa umoya kanye nezokukhipha umoya zamayunithi ahlinzeka ngokupholisa. Umehluko kumapharamitha kanye nokusebenza phakathi kwamasethi ejenereyitha ane-voltage ephezulu kanye namasethi ejenereyitha ane-voltage ephansi kubonakala kakhulu engxenyeni yejenereyitha kanye nengxenye yesistimu yokusabalalisa.
1. Umehluko ngevolumu nesisindo
Amasethi ejeneretha asebenzisa amajeneretha anamandla aphezulu, futhi ukwanda kwezinga le-voltage kwenza izidingo zawo zokushisa zibe ziphakeme. Ngokufanayo, ivolumu nesisindo sengxenye yejeneretha sikhulu kuneseyunithi yama-voltage aphansi. Ngakho-ke, ivolumu yomzimba wonke nesisindo sesethi yejeneretha engu-10kV sikhulu kancane kuneseyunithi yama-voltage aphansi. Akukho mehluko obalulekile ngokubukeka ngaphandle kwengxenye yejeneretha.
2. Umehluko ezindleleni zokusekela phansi
Izindlela zokumisa inhlabathi engathathi hlangothi zamasethi amabili ejeneretha zihlukile. Ukugoba kweyunithi engu-380V kuxhunywe ngezinkanyezi. Ngokuvamile, uhlelo lwe-low-voltage luyisistimu yokumisa inhlabathi eqondile enephuzu elingathathi hlangothi, ngakho-ke iphuzu elingathathi hlangothi lejeneretha elixhunywe ngezinkanyezi lihlelelwe ukuthi likwazi ukuhoxiswa futhi lingamiswa ngqo uma kudingeka. Uhlelo lwe-10kV luyisistimu encane yokumisa inhlabathi yamanje, futhi iphuzu elingathathi hlangothi ngokuvamile alimiswa noma alimiswa ngokumelana nokumisa inhlabathi. Ngakho-ke, uma kuqhathaniswa namayunithi e-low-voltage, amayunithi angu-10kV adinga ukwengezwa kwemishini yokusabalalisa iphuzu elingathathi hlangothi njengamakhabethe okumelana namakhabethe e-contactor.
3. Umehluko ezindleleni zokuvikela
Amasethi ejeneretha kagesi aphezulu ngokuvamile adinga ukufakwa kokuvikelwa kokuphuka okusheshayo kwamanje, ukuvikelwa kokulayisha ngokweqile, ukuvikelwa kokumisa phansi, njll. Uma ukuzwela kokuvikelwa kokuphuka okusheshayo kwamanje kungahlangabezani nezidingo, ukuvikelwa kokwehluka kwesikhathi eside kungafakwa.
Uma kwenzeka iphutha lokufaka umhlabathi ekusebenzeni kwesethi yomkhiqizi we-voltage ephezulu, libeka ingozi enkulu yokuphepha kubasebenzi kanye nemishini, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukusetha isivikelo sokufaka umhlabathi.
Iphuzu elingathathi hlangothi lejenereyitha lisekelwe nge-resistor. Uma kwenzeka iphutha lokumisa isisekelo lesigaba esisodwa, ugesi wephutha ogeleza ngephuzu elingathathi hlangothi ungatholakala, futhi ukuvikelwa kokukhubeka noma ukuvala kungatholakala ngokuvikelwa kwe-relay. Iphuzu elingathathi hlangothi lejenereyitha lisekelwe nge-resistor, engakhawulela ugesi wephutha ngaphakathi kwejika lomonakalo elivumelekile lejenereyitha, futhi ijenereyitha ingasebenza ngamaphutha. Ngokumelana nokumisa isisekelo, amaphutha okumisa isisekelo angatholakala ngempumelelo futhi izenzo zokuvikela i-relay zingaqhutshwa. Uma kuqhathaniswa namayunithi anamandla aphansi, amasethi ejenereyitha ane-voltage ephezulu adinga ukwengezwa kwemishini yokusabalalisa iphuzu elingathathi hlangothi njengamakhabethe okumelana namakhabethe e-contactor.
Uma kudingeka, kufanele kufakwe isivikelo sokwehluka kumasethi ejeneretha ane-voltage ephezulu.
Nikeza isivikelo sokwehluka kwamandla kagesi esinezigaba ezintathu ekugoqeni kwe-stator kwejeneretha. Ngokufaka ama-transformer amanje kuma-terminal amabili aphumayo ekhoyili ngayinye kujeneretha, umehluko wamanje phakathi kwama-terminal angenayo naphumayo ekhoyili uyalinganiswa ukuze kutholakale isimo sokufakwa kwekhoyili. Uma kwenzeka i-short circuit noma i-grounding kunoma yiziphi izigaba ezimbili noma ezintathu, amandla kagesi angatholakala kuwo womabili ama-transformer, ngaleyo ndlela kuqhutshwe isivikelo.
4. Umehluko kumakhebula okukhiphayo
Ngaphansi kwezinga elifanayo lomthamo, ububanzi bekhebula lokukhipha lamayunithi ane-voltage ephezulu buncane kakhulu kunobamayunithi ane-voltage ephansi, ngakho-ke izidingo zokusebenzisa isikhala seziteshi zokukhipha ziphansi.
5. Umehluko Ezinhlelweni Zokulawula Amayunithi
Uhlelo lokulawula amayunithi amayunithi ane-voltage ephansi lungahlanganiswa ohlangothini olulodwa lwesigaba sejeneretha emzimbeni womshini, kuyilapho amayunithi ane-voltage ephezulu ngokuvamile edinga ibhokisi lokulawula lamayunithi elizimele ukuze lihlelwe ngokwehlukana neyunithi ngenxa yezinkinga zokuphazamiseka kwesignali.
6. Umehluko ezidingweni zokunakekelwa
Izidingo zokugcinwa kwamayunithi ejeneretha ane-voltage ephezulu ezicini ezahlukahlukene njengohlelo lwesekethe kawoyela kanye nohlelo lokungenisa umoya kanye nokukhipha umoya zilingana nezeyunithi ezine-voltage ephansi, kodwa ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla kwamayunithi kuyisistimu ene-voltage ephezulu, futhi abasebenzi bokulungisa badinga ukuhlonyiswa ngezimvume zokusebenza ezine-voltage ephezulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-09-2023
