Muva nje, ngenxa yezimo laphoamasethi ejeneretha kadiziliNjengoba kudingeka ukufakwa esitezi sesibili kweminye imisebenzi, ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yokufakwa kwemishini, ukuphepha kokusebenza, kanye nokuzinza kwendawo ezungezile, umnyango wezobuchwepheshe wenkampani ufingqe izinyathelo zokuphepha eziyisisekelo ezisekelwe eminyakeni yokuhlangenwe nakho kobunjiniyela, unikeza isiqondiso sobuchwepheshe sobuchwepheshe sokuqaliswa kwamaphrojekthi afanele.
Njengemishini ebalulekile yokuphakelwa kukagesi okuphuthumayo, indawo yokufaka kanye nemininingwane yokwakha yeamasethi ejeneretha kadizilikuthinta ngqo ukuthembeka kokusebenza. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokufakwa esitezi esiphansi, ukufakwa esitezi sesibili kuthinteka kakhulu yizici ezifana nezimo zokuthwala umthwalo, ukwakheka kwendawo, ukudluliselwa kokudlidliza, kanye nokukhishwa kwentuthu kanye nokushabalaliswa kokushisa. Ukulawulwa okuqinile kuyadingeka kuyo yonke inqubo kusukela ekulungiseleleni kusengaphambili kuya ngemva kokwamukelwa.
I. Ukulungiselela kusengaphambili: Ukubeka isisekelo esiqinile sokufakwa
1. Ukuhlolwa Okukhethekile Komthamo Wokuthwala Imithwalo Esitezi
Isisekelo esiyinhloko sokufakwa esitezi sesibili ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umthamo wokuthwala umthwalo phansi uhlangabezana nezidingo zemishini. Uma isethi yejenereyitha kadizili isebenza, ifaka isisindo sayo, isisindo sikaphethiloli, kanye nomthwalo wokudlidliza osebenzayo. Kuyadingeka ukwenza ngokubambisana ukuhlolwa kokuthwala umthwalo phansi kwendawo yokufaka neyunithi yokuklama izakhiwo kusengaphambili. Gxila ekuqinisekiseni idatha elinganisiwe yokuthwala umthwalo phansi, okudinga ukuthi umthamo wokuthwala umthwalo wobuso bokufaka ungabi ngaphansi kwesisindo esiphelele semishini ngokuphindwe ka-1.2 (kufaka phakathi iyunithi, ithangi likaphethiloli, isisekelo, njll.). Uma kudingeka, ukwelashwa kokuqinisa phansi kuyadingeka, njengokwengeza imishayo ethwala umthwalo nokubeka amapuleti ensimbi ethwala umthwalo, ukuze kuqedwe izingozi zokuphepha kwesakhiwo.
2. Ukuhlela Okunengqondo Kwendawo Yokufaka
Hlela ngokunengqondo indawo yokufaka yeyunithi kanye nezici zokwakheka kwendawo yesitezi sesibili. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ibanga eliphephile phakathi kweyunithi nodonga neminye imishini: ibanga ukusuka ohlangothini lwesobunxele kuya odongeni alingaphansi kwamamitha ayi-1.5, ibanga ukusuka ohlangothini lwesokudla kanye nengxenye yangemuva kuya odongeni alingaphansi kwamamitha ayi-0.8, kanti ibanga ukusuka ebusweni bokusebenza bangaphambili kuya odongeni alingaphansi kwamamitha ayi-1.2, okuyinto elula yokugcinwa kwemishini, ukusebenza kanye nokushabalalisa ukushisa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, gcina iziteshi zokuphakamisa imishini ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iyunithi ingathuthwa kahle isuka esitezi sokuqala iye endaweni yokufaka esitezi sesibili. Ububanzi, ukuphakama kwesiteshi kanye nomthamo wezitebhisi othwala imithwalo kumele kufane nosayizi nesisindo seyunithi.
3. Ukukhethwa Kwemishini Okulungiselelwe Izimo
Beka phambili ukukhethwa kwamamodeli amayunithi amancane nalula ukuze kuncishiswe ingcindezi kumthamo wokuthwala umthwalo phansi ngenxa yokuhlangabezana nezidingo zokunikezwa kwamandla. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uma ubheka ukuthi izimo zokungenisa umoya endaweni yesitezi sesibili zingase zibe zilinganiselwe, kubalulekile ukukhetha amayunithi asebenza kahle kakhulu ekushabalaliseni ukushisa noma ukuhlela amadivayisi engeziwe okushisa kusengaphambili; ngezinkinga zokudlulisa ukudlidliza, amayunithi anokudlidliza okuphansi angakhethwa, futhi izesekeli zokunciphisa ukudlidliza ezisekela ukusebenza kahle kakhulu zingafakelwa.
II. Inqubo Yokwakha: Ukulawulwa Okuqinile Kwezixhumanisi Eziyinhloko
1. Ukufakwa koHlelo Lokunciphisa Ukudlidliza Nomsindo
Ukudlidliza okubangelwa ukusebenza kwesethi yejenereyiza kadizili kungenzeka kudluliselwe esitezi esingezansi ngephansi, okubangela ukungcola komsindo kanye nomonakalo wesakhiwo. Ngesikhathi sokufakwa, amadivayisi ochwepheshe okunciphisa ukudlidliza, njengama-raber vibration isolation pads kanye nama-spring vibration isolators, kudingeka engezwe phakathi kwesisekelo seyunithi kanye nephansi. Ukukhethwa kwama-vibration isolators kumele kufane nesisindo seyunithi kanye nemvamisa yokudlidliza, futhi kufanele kusatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo ezindaweni ezisekelayo zesisekelo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele kusetshenziswe ukuxhumana okuguquguqukayo phakathi kweyunithi kanye nepayipi lokukhipha umusi, ipayipi likawoyela, ikhebula nezinye izingxenye zokuxhuma ukuze kuncishiswe ukudluliswa kokudlidliza.
2. Ukuhlelwa Okujwayelekile Kwesistimu Yokukhipha Umoya Ongcolile
Ukufakwa kohlelo lokukhipha umusi kuthinta ngqo ukusebenza kahle kwemishini kanye nokuphepha kwemvelo. Ukuze kufakwe esitezi sesibili, kuyadingeka ukuhlela ngokunengqondo indlela ipayipi lokukhipha umusi eliqondiswa ngayo, ukunciphisa ubude bepayipi, nokunciphisa inani lezindololwane (kungabi ngaphezu kwezindololwane ezintathu) ukuze kugwenywe ukumelana nokukhipha umusi ngokweqile okubangelwa amapayipi amade kakhulu. Ipayipi lokukhipha umusi kufanele lenziwe ngezinto ezimelana nokushisa okuphezulu nezimelana nokugqwala, kanti ungqimba lwangaphandle kufanele lugoqwe ngokotini wokushisa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukushisa okushisa okuphezulu kanye nokusabalala kokushisa ukuthi kungathinti indawo ezungezile. Indawo yokukhipha ipayipi kufanele inwebe ngaphandle futhi ibe phezulu kunophahla noma kude neminyango namafasitela ukuze kugwenywe ukugeleza komusi egumbini noma kuthinte izakhamuzi ezizungezile.
3. Isiqinisekiso Sezinhlelo Zophethiloli Nokupholisa
Ithangi likaphethiloli kufanele lifakwe kude nemithombo yomlilo kanye nemithombo yokushisa. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa amathangi kaphethiloli angaqhumi, futhi kufanele kugcinwe ibanga eliphephile phakathi kwethangi likaphethiloli kanye neyunithi. Ukuxhumeka kwepayipi likaphethiloli kufanele kuqine futhi kuvalwe ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuvuza kukaphethiloli. Kufanele kuqashelwe ngokukhethekile ukufakwa kwethangi likaphethiloli ngesikhathi sokufakwa esitezi sesibili ukuze kugwenywe ukufuduka kwethangi likaphethiloli okubangelwa ukudlidliza kweyunithi. Ohlelweni lokupholisa, uma kusetshenziswa iyunithi epholile emoyeni, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kunomoya omuhle endaweni yokufaka; uma kusetshenziswa iyunithi epholile ngamanzi, kuyadingeka ukuhlela kahle ipayipi lamanzi okupholisa ukuqinisekisa ukugeleza kwamanzi okungavimbeli, futhi kuthathwe izinyathelo zokulwa nokubanda kanye nokulwa nokuvuza.
4. Ukuhlelwa Okujwayelekile Kwezisekethe Zikagesi
Ukufakwa kwamasekethe kagesi kumele kuhambisane nemininingwane yokwakha kagesi. Ukukhethwa kwezintambo kumele kuhambisane namandla eyunithi. Ukuhlelwa kwesekethe kumele kuvikelwe ngamapayipi okufaka intambo ukuze kugwenywe ukuxubana nezinye izifunda. Ukuxhumana phakathi kweyunithi nekhabhinethi yokusabalalisa kanye nekhabhinethi yokulawula kufanele kuqine, futhi amabhlogo okugcina kufanele acindezelwe ukuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kokushisa okubangelwa ukuxhumana okungekuhle. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, faka uhlelo lokusekela oluthembekile olunokumelana kokusekela okungengaphezu kwe-4Ω ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha komuntu siqu kwabaqhubi.
III. Ngemva kokwamukelwa kanye nokusebenza kanye nokugcinwa: Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside
1. Ukulawulwa Okuqinile Kokwamukelwa Kokufakwa
Ngemva kokuqedwa kokufakwa kwemishini, abasebenzi abangochwepheshe nabezobuchwepheshe kufanele bahlelwe ukuze benze ukwamukelwa okuphelele. Gxila ekuhloleni izixhumanisi ezibalulekile njengomphumela wokuqinisa okuthwala umthwalo, ukufakwa kohlelo lokunciphisa ukudlidliza, ukuqina kwamapayipi okukhipha intuthu, ukuqina kwezinhlelo zikaphethiloli nezokupholisa, kanye nokuxhumeka kwamasekethe kagesi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, yenza ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kweyunithi ukuhlola isimo sokusebenza kweyunithi, ukudlidliza, umphumela wokukhipha intuthu, ukuzinza kokunikezwa kwamandla, njll., ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izinkomba ziyahlangabezana nezidingo ezibekiwe.
2. Isiqinisekiso Sokusebenza Nokulungisa Okuvamile
Misa futhi uthuthukise uhlelo lokuphatha ukusebenza nokugcinwa, futhi wenze ukuhlolwa njalo nokugcinwa kweyunithi. Gxila ekuhloleni ukuguga kwamadivayisi okunciphisa ukudlidliza, ukugqwala kwamapayipi okukhipha umusi, ukuvuza kwezinhlelo zikaphethiloli nezokupholisa, kanye nokusebenza kokushisa kwamasekethe kagesi, bese uthola futhi ubhekane ngokushesha nezingozi ezingaba khona. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, hlanza njalo imfucuza endaweni yokufaka ukuze ugcine umoya ongenazithiyo futhi unikeze indawo enhle yokusebenza kweyunithi.
Ukufakwa kweamasethi ejeneretha kadiziliesitezi sesibili kukhona iphrojekthi ehlelekile edinga ukucabangela ukuphepha, ukusebenza kahle kanye nezidingo zemvelo. Inkampani izoqhubeka nokuthembela eqenjini layo lobuchwepheshe lochwepheshe ukuze linikeze amakhasimende izinsizakalo zenqubo ephelele kusukela ekuhleleni kusengaphambili, ukukhethwa kwemishini kuya ekwakhiweni nasekufakweni, kanye nokusebenza nokugcinwa kwayo ngemuva kokusebenza, ukuqinisekisa ukuqaliswa okushelelayo kwephrojekthi ngayinye kanye nokusebenza okuzinzile kwemishini. Uma unezidingo zephrojekthi ezifanele noma ukubonisana ngobuchwepheshe, sicela ukhululeke ukuxhumana nomnyango wezobuchwepheshe wenkampani ukuze uthole ukwesekwa kochwepheshe.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba 31-2025
