Okokuqala, sidinga ukunciphisa ububanzi bengxoxo ukuze sigweme ukuyenza inganembile kakhulu. Ijeneretha okuxoxwe ngayo lapha isho ijeneretha engena-brushless, enezigaba ezintathu ze-AC, ngemuva kwalokhu ebizwa kuphela ngokuthi “ijeneretha”.
Lolu hlobo lwejeneretha luqukethe okungenani izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko, ezizoshiwo kule ngxoxo elandelayo:
I-generator eyinhloko, ihlukaniswe yaba yi-stator eyinhloko kanye ne-rotor eyinhloko; I-rotor eyinhloko inikeza insimu yamagnetic, futhi i-stator eyinhloko ikhiqiza ugesi ukuze inikeze umthwalo; I-Exciter, ihlukaniswe yaba yi-exciter stator ne-rotor; I-exciter stator inikeza insimu yamagnetic, i-rotor ikhiqiza ugesi, futhi ngemva kokulungiswa ngumshini ojikelezayo, inikeza amandla ku-rotor eyinhloko; I-Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) ibona amandla kagesi ejeneretha eyinhloko, ilawula ukusebenza kwekhoyili ye-exciter stator, futhi ifinyelela umgomo wokuzinzisa ugesi ophumayo we-stator eyinhloko.
Incazelo yomsebenzi wokuqinisa amandla kagesi we-AVR
Umgomo wokusebenza kwe-AVR uwukugcina amandla kagesi aphumayo ejeneretha azinzile, ngokuvamile aziwa ngokuthi “i-voltage stabilizer”.
Ukusebenza kwayo ukukhulisa i-stator current ye-exciter lapho i-voltage ephumayo ye-generator ingaphansi kwenani elibekiwe, elilingana nokwandisa amandla okuvuselela i-rotor eyinhloko, okubangela ukuthi i-voltage ye-generator eyinhloko ikhuphuke kunani elibekiwe; Ngokuphambene nalokho, nciphisa ukuvuthwa kwamanje futhi uvumele i-voltage yehle; Uma i-voltage ephumayo yejeneretha ilingana nenani elibekiwe, i-AVR igcina okukhiphayo okukhona ngaphandle kokulungiswa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuya ngobudlelwano besigaba phakathi kwamanje kanye ne-voltage, imithwalo ye-AC ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu:
Umthwalo ophikisayo, lapho i-current isesigabeni ne-voltage esetshenziswa kuyo; Umthwalo we-inductive, isigaba samanje sibambezeleka ngemuva kwe-voltage; Umthwalo we-capacitive, isigaba samanje singaphambi kwe-voltage. Ukuqhathaniswa kwezici ezintathu zomthwalo kusisiza ukuthi siqonde kangcono imithwalo ye-capacitive.
Ngemithwalo ephikisanayo, umthwalo omkhulu, umthamo omkhulu wokuvuselela odingekayo ku-rotor eyinhloko (ukuze uzinzise i-voltage ephumayo ye-generator).
Engxoxweni elandelayo, sizosebenzisa amandla amanje okuvusa amadlingozi adingekayo emithwalweni ephikisayo njengendinganiso yereferensi, okusho ukuthi emikhulu kubhekiselwa kuyo njengemikhudlwana; Siyibiza ngokuthi incane kunayo.
Lapho umthwalo we-generator u-inductive, i-rotor eyinhloko izodinga amandla amanje okuvusa amadlingozi ukuze i-generator igcine i-voltage ephumayo ezinzile.
Ukulayisha okunamandla
Lapho i-generator ihlangabezana nomthwalo we-capacitive, i-excitation current edingwa yi-rotor eyinhloko incane, okusho ukuthi i-excitation current kufanele yehliswe ukuze kuqiniswe i-voltage ephumayo ye-generator.
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka?
Kufanele sisakhumbula ukuthi i-current kumthwalo we-capacitive ingaphambi kwe-voltage, futhi lawa ma-currents aholayo (ageleza nge-stator eyinhloko) azokhiqiza i-current in the rotor eyinhloko, okwenzeka ukuthi ibekwe kahle kakhulu nge-excitation current, ithuthukise insimu kazibuthe ye-rotor eyinhloko. Ngakho-ke i-current evela ku-exciter kufanele incishiswe ukuze kugcinwe i-voltage ephumayo ezinzile ye-generator.
Umthwalo omkhulu we-capacitive, ukukhishwa okuncane kwe-exciter; Uma umthwalo we-capacitive ukhuphuka ngezinga elithile, ukukhishwa kwe-exciter kufanele kuncishiswe ku-zero. Ukukhishwa kwe-exciter kungu-zero, okuwumkhawulo we-generator; Kuleli qophelo, i-voltage ephumayo ye-generator ngeke ikwazi ukuzinza, futhi lolu hlobo lokunikezwa kwamandla alufaneleki. Lo mkhawulo waziwa nangokuthi' ngaphansi komkhawulo we-excitation '.
Ijeneretha ingamukela kuphela umthamo womthwalo olinganiselwe; (Impela, kujeneretha eshiwo, kukhona futhi imikhawulo kusayizi wemithwalo ekwazi ukumelana nengcindezi noma engenisayo.)
Uma iphrojekthi ihlushwa imithwalo ye-capacitive, kungenzeka ukukhetha ukusebenzisa imithombo yamandla e-IT enamandla amancane nge-kilowatt ngayinye, noma usebenzise ama-inductors ukuze uthole isinxephezelo. Ungavumeli isethi yejeneretha isebenze eduze kwendawo “engaphansi komkhawulo wokuvusa amadlingozi”.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-07-2023
